The Tactical Use of Civil Resistance by Rebel Groups: Evidence from India’s Maoist Insurgency

Research on rebel behavior during conflicts has traditionally focused the use of violent tactics. However, evidence from several intrastate wars suggests that armed groups also occasionally employ general strikes—a method civil resistance typically been associated with nonviolent groups. But when do rebels resort to strikes? I argue these tactics have a particular function which can offset potential risks for after they suffered losses in previous battles: Through strikes, signal sustained authority local population. The argument is tested districts Eastern India using newly compiled, disaggregated data contentious action Maoist conflict. paper contributes burgeoning literature wartime civilian activism two ways: First, it shows themselves rely situationally mobilization. Second, investigates effect conditions endogenous conflict tactical choices.